Sunday, July 12, 2009

Union Regiments Seized Lake Providence; Regiments Stationed at Carroll Parish

NOTE: [AT BOTTOM OF THIS POST]
On May 1, 1862 New Orleans was occupied by the Federal Forces. Cotton bales all along the Mississippi River from Baton Rouge to L.P. were being seized and burned by the order of Governor Thomas O. Moore.
While in an attempt to take Vicksburg in June of 1862, Union forces occupied a portion of Madison Parish opposite Vicksburg for over a month. Swamp fever, extreme heat, and stomach disorders drove them to Baton Rouge.
In trying to capture and control Vicksburg, General Grant sent General William T. Sherman to Milliken’s Bend, December 25, 1862, with 30,000 troops. The naval convoy slipped past Providence the night before. (An alert telegrapher named I. I. Daniel, stationed at Point Lookout south of Providence had seen the convoy… see “The Carroll Telegraph” on this website). Sherman stormed the bluffs north of Vicksburg but sustained heavy losses and returned to Milliken’s Bend.
General A. J. Smith had debarked at Milliken’s Bend early Christmas morning surprising the Confederate outpost there. The Southerners fled inland evading capture. Captain Harper’s company hid in the swamp. Union troops cut telegraph and rail lines, a small detachment went on to Delhi burning bridges and the depot there. Reference: Georgia Pinkston’s book “A Place to Remember”
“There were raiders from west of the Bayou Boeuf going to the aid of their neighbors on the Big River, according to Frederick Williamson’s "History of N. E. La.". In the "Monette Diary" we find this notation “Aug. 29, 1862, Captain John McKoin and his Rangers left for Lake Providence today to help the people drive out the raiders.” Reference: Florence Stewarts McKoin’s book “Between the Rivers”
CARROLL INVADED & OCCUPIED BY THE FEDERALS
REGIMENTS IN THE CARROLL PARISH AREA

THE CANALS
On January 29, 1863 General Grant arrived in Young’s Point, Louisiana. His project was to dig a series of canals to connect to the Miss. River .
Some Carroll and Madison residents refugeed to Texas.
Grant organized his army into 4 corps:
General Sherman and his 13th Corps’ attempt so that troops and supplies could be sent safely below the guns of Vicksburg, was abandoned when a flood ruined the canal and almost drown Sherman’s men.
Up river at Ashton (just below the AR line where the Macon River came within three miles of the Miss.) McPherson decided to cut the levee so the flood waters would make a natural passage for the gunboats to the Macon River. The countryside overflowed by never reached deep enough to be used.
General James B. McPherson’s Corps, headed by Colonel G. W. Dietzler, [picture at right] chose to dig acanal from the Miss into Lake Providence by way of Baxter Bayou. Colonel Duff, the Engineer Brigade, reported “…plan involves the destruction of the town (now nearly deserted), we do not consider this a matter of sufficient importance to interfere with the accomplishment of the object in view.” Dietzler round up 100 slaves (Negroes that owners had sent to the Macon hills to avoid capture) that he moved to Delta work on the canal there. By March 15 Baxter Bayou was cleared and dredged, the next day Negro laborers cut two 30 ft. trenches 30 feet apart and flooded the town of Lake Providence and the lake. Union troops were moved to Berry’s Landing 5 miles north.
On March 31, 1863 small steamboats could navigate through Baxter Bayou and into Bayou Macon.
On February 5, 1863, Grant headquartered at Arlington Plantation while he inspected the work at Lake Providence. (Arlington was the home of General Edward Sparrow) Grant ordered other Federal troops in to help on the canals. Federal troops numbered 20,000.
General McPherson established his headquarters on Oakland Plantation on Feb. 24, 1863. (The plantation had been deserted by Dr. Matthew B. Sellers)
13th Corp.; Colonel G. W. Dietzler
17th Corp. (arrived Feb. 24, 1863)
3rd Division; General John L. Logan
6th Division; General John McArthur
Bissell’s Engineering Brigade
32nd Ohio Regiment
Dr. Alfred Brundage was with this reg.;
(see Letter of Alfred Brundage)
Reference: Georgia Pinkston’s book “A Place to Remember”
THE NEGRO SLAVES
On March 9, 1863 Grant round up all the Negro slaves on the plantation and set them to work picking the cotton on the abandoned farms. Northern cotton speculators had swarmed into Providence signing contracts with McPherson agreeing to pick, gin, and bale cotton for ½ share. Paying the Negro laborers $1 per hundred pounds, and feeding & clothing them. (This continued under the supervision of the Freedman’s Bureau during the Reconstruction). Also General McPherson established a training camp at Goodrich’s Landing (lower part of the parish) for the Negro men in the Union Army. Reference: Georgia Pinkston’s book “A Place to Remember”
EAST SIDE OF THE MACON RIVER- 1863
A few planters signed and allegiance to the United States that brought a rift among neighbors. There were those willing to lose everything for the cause of the South and felt bitter toward any neighbor signing such an oath. These unfortunates were often sought out by the guerrillas and murdered, one such was Graham Benjamin whose father built Homestead Plantation located south of Lake Providence. Reference: Florence Stewart McKoin’s book “Between the Rivers”
SKIRMISHES IN CARROLL PARISH - 1863
When General McPherson left General Hugh T. Reid was left in command of one of the Union soldier regiments. His force was posted along the river at 3 places; (1) Bass Plantation south of L. P., (2) Two companies at the Wilton Plantation, and (3) 5 companies stationed at Camp Butler in Providence were the 1st Kansas Mounted Infantry, 1 company of the 16th Wisconsin & 1 company of the 8th Louisiana (African descent).
West of the Macon the 13th Battalian, La. Malitian “Partisan Rangers, headquartered in Delhi and commanded by Colonel Frank A. Bartlett.
The 13th Louisiana, Co. E., was commanded by Captain W. C. Corbin and stationed at Floyd, with Co., C. posted at Caledonia and commander was Captain John McKoin.
May 2, Saturday night, Captain Matt Johnson and a small force crossed the Macon near Caledonia, burned the cotton gin and made off with about twenty Negroes, raiding a Federal-leased plantation near Ashton.
May 10, General Hugh T. Reid sent Major William Y. Roberts retaliated sending about 200 mounted infantry. Union troops the small Confederate force posted in a brick kiln & Negro quarters near Caledonia. Defenders retreated to Pin Hook (Oak Grove).
Major Roberts divided his troops in 2 columns. The column sent marching along Bayou Macon Road was ambushed by Captain W. H. Corbin near Lane’s Ferry, re-grouping the Federals went to Pin Hook where the Confederates refused to budge. There were few casualties and the Union force went back to Providence.
June (early)., A large Confederate offensive along the Miss. River at the Federal Outposts was made. A force of Texas troops, commanded by General J. G. Walker attacked Milliken’s Bend (upper Madison Parish), but retreated when Union gun boats were in the river.
June 9, At Floyd Colonel Frank Bartlett’s 13th La Regiment and the 13th Texas Infantry (about 900 men) set out for Lake Providence to destroy the Negro training camp and the plantations held by leasees & Federal agents as far down as Milliken’s Bend. Bartlett going around the lake meeting 2 companies of the 1st Kansas Mounted Infantry near Baxter Bayou. The Confederates captured 9 army wagons loaded with supplies and 36 mules. Bartlett moved on to Bayou Tensas, where he found the bridge burned by the retreating enemy. Bartlett was driven back to Floyd. 300 Negro soldiers of the 8th La. Volunteers (many former slaves of Carroll), helped with the Union victory at Bayou Tensas.
June 22, General Walker left Delhi to go to Goodrich’s Landing along the east side of the Macon River, breaking up the Northern possessed and disloyal Southerner’s plantations along the way.
June 29, Walker reached Mounds Plantation (about 10 miles south of L. P.) A fort had been set up atop the largest Indian mound. Negro troops fortified the fort. Three white officers surrendered without a fight to the Confederates. 113 men of 2 companies of the 1st Arkansas were taken prisoners.
After July 5, all along the river General Walker set fire to homes, slave quarters, and cotton gins leaving nothing for the enemy. Colonel Frank Bartlett’s Partisan Rangers were the only Confederate force left in the area.
After the fall of Vicksburg the west side of the Miss. River remained isolated for the remainder of the war. The only troops left garrisoned at Carroll was the Negro troops posted at Providence and the other at Goodrich’s Landing.
August 9, Captain John McNeil and 70 mounted Partisans attempted to capture Providence by the Federal gunboat “Mound City‘s” shells drove them off.
Union soldiers were sent of Goodrich’s Landing to disperse the rebels with raids carried out against Floyd and Monticello but Lee and Bartlett easily evaded the Union forces in the swamps. Reference: Georgia Pinkston’s book “A Place to Remember”
“RIFT AMONG NEIGHBORS: From Winters History of “The Civil War in Louisiana” pages 197 - 198, May, 1863, I have taken these excerpts pertaining to the raids made west of the Macon: “Military action at Lake Providence centered around the Bayou Macon area. Nine companies of the 1st Kansas Mounted Infantry and a hundred men from the 16th Wisconsin, led by Major William Y. Roberts, crossed over the Macon to Caledonia on the morning of May 10th. The Confederates posted in a brick kiln, in heavy timber, and in Negro Quarters, were outnumbered five to one. They were driven from their positions and fled towards the hills of Pin Hook (Oak Grove) nine miles away.
“Major Roberts divided his men into two columns, planning to encircle the Confederates. The Federal column moving along the banks of Bayou Macon was ambushed near Lane’s Ferry by Captain W. H. Corbin and was temporarily routed. The column re-formed and rejoined the other column, however, and the entire Federal force moved toward Pin Hook. Captain Corbin’s small Confederate Force was joined by troops from Delhi and by a detachment at Floyd which had been guarding the court house there. Colonel Frank A. Bartlett assumed command of these forces, which numbered about 250 men. The Confederates took cover in log cabins and behind trees and easily repelled the first attack on the Pin Hook position. Rallying, the Kansas and Wisconsin troops made another half-hearted attack. The action of May 10, 1863, ended with the disorderly retreat of the Superior Federal forces back to Lake Providence, losses were light on both sides.”
This was the first attack on Oak Grove, and Emmanuel Braswell said that the Masons on both sides in the battle recognized each other and stopped fighting.” Reference: Florence McKoin’s book “Between the Rivers”
“RIFT AMONG NEIGHBORS: From Winters History, page 302 - “Crossing the Macon on August 24, 1863, the Federal troops, a Brigade of the 6th Division of the 17th Army, and three batteries of artillery, plus a battalion of cavalry, embarked from Vicksburg on an expedition to Monroe. After debarking at Goodrich‘s Landing, Stevenson moved toward Bayou Macon, skirmishing lightly with Confederate forces.” Reference: Florence McKoin’s book “Between the Rivers”
SKIRMISHES IN CARROLL PARISH - 1864
May 29, After sporadic raids of Lee along the river, the Federal post at Providence was dismantled and companies of Negro soldiers, under the command of Colonel A. Watson Webber, went to Goodrich’s Landing post.
June, Lee and Bartlett raided below L. P. seizing mules, horses, and Negroes on Union leased plantations.
Aug 26, Captain Lee and 200 guerrillas raided plantations south of Transylvania leased by Hiram B. Tebbetts, killing 4 white men and several colored people. In retaliation Webber took Doctor Richardson as hostage for the return of a clerk named Webster, who had been kidnapped by Lee. The Federal force, 230 mounted Negroes under the command of Major C. H. Chapin, 3rd U. S. Colored Cavalry, destroyed a few loyalists property, crossing into Pin Hook and Floyd burning those villages and killing 12 Confederate partisans in the process. Lee offered no resistance to Chapin, and the Union force returned to Goodrich’s Landing. Reference: Georgia Pinkston’s book “A Place to Remember”
“RIFT AMONG NEIGHBORS: I found this account in Winter’s History, page 393 - “On August 26, 1864, Captain Joseph C. Lee, a Confederate, of the Missouri Guerrillas, with two hundred of his guerrillas, with 200 of his guerrillas, made a costly raid on the plantation leased by the H. B. Tibbett & Company in the area below Lake Providence. Colonel A. Watson Webber, of the 51st Regiment, U. S. Colored Infantry, Commander of the Federal Post at Goodrich’s Landing, sent an expedition of 230 mounted Negro troops, under Major C. Chapin, to drive Lee from the region.
Chapin crossed Bayou Macon to the west on August 30, and continuing down the Macon, several plantations were raided and houses burned. Arriving at the village of Pin Hook (Oak Grove, La.) Chapin left only one house standing. Several Confederate soldiers were encountered near Floyd and shot down. A few minutes had stripped the place of all valuable goods and had set fire to four fifths of the town. Most of the residents along the Macon were left destitute.”
From “Between the Rivers”, by Florence McKoin
“A Mr. Phillips brought this terrifying news to Colonel Templeton one day, The Yankee vandals had conduct at those villages. About 200 Corps D’Afrique, officered by five or six white men, came out and laid the two villages low, Floyd and Pin Hook, in ashes, not allowing the people to save any of their possessions from their homes. They were very rough and insulting to the ladies, tearing pockets from their dress , rings from their fingers, cursing done in revenge for a guerrilla raid a few days before, in which a good many government stores were destroyed and 80 to 90 Negroes brought out.” From “Brokenburn” the Kate Stone Journal
WAR’S END IN CARROLL PARISH
Major Chapin’s raid brought the close to most of the military action in Carroll Parish, although Lee’s guerillas remained in the area until after the war. The Confederates resigned themselves to defeat. Bands of draft-dodgers and deserters, known as jayhawkers, moved into the area and menaced everyone.
It was to a ravaged and bitter land that the weary veterans returned from the eastern battle fields. Maimed and scarred they came -- Thomas Scarborough, Charles Purdy, Ed Kleinpeter, and John Draughon; Charles DeFrance, C. R. Egelly, E. J. Delony, and J. S. Richards, Cyrus Hedrick, W. R. C. Lyons, J. D. Lott, and Mark Valentine, Jr., among others. The refugees returned from Texas; their desire - to build their lives and fortunes in peace. From the north came the paroled prisoners of war, including W. F. Pennington, John O’Brien, Abraham Bass, and V. M. Purdy.
Sons of Carroll lay buried from Virginia to Baton Rouge. Franc Whicher, Nathan Trotter, George Sanderson, George Burrus, D. D. Kilcrease, B. A. Sanford, W. H. Farrar, and young Wesley McGuirt-these were but a few of the casualties. Georgia Pinkston’s book “A Place to Remember”.
NOTE: TO BE CONTINUED:
IF YOU KNOW OF ANY OTHER REGIMENTS STATIONED AT LAKE PROVIDENCE OR ANY SKIRMISHED THAT TOOK PLACE IN THE CARROLL AREA, PLEASE DO INFORM ME, WOULD LOVE TO HAVE THE INFORMATION.
Thanks, Sandy Schimtz Moore morechev@ipa.net

Union/Confederate Soldiers That Died of Disease or Killed in Carroll Parish

NOTE: (at end of this post)
Bechtel, Sergeant John died at Lake Providence, La., March 21, 1863
Contributed by Joanne Scobee Morgan morgans4@swbell.net
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Beck, Paul, 68th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Co. A.
Rank Private, Date of Enlistment, July 26, 1862, died June 6, 1862, Lake Providence, Louisiana.
With General Grant forces.
William Beck wnbeck@verizon.net
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Cooper, George D.O'Hare, James died on the 13th of July, Oauakee Rifles, from "Ozaukee County's War History” by Daniel E. McGinley as extracted from THE PORT WASHINGTON STAR August 22, 1896 Chapter 9 Kansans Killed in Civil War & Indian Battle's Page 4, by Dennis Segelquist .
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Dilworth, George M. Oaukee Rifles Company H.First Lieutenant, George M. Dilworth, no enlistment date mustered on March 31, 1863, killed in action at Pin Hook La. He's on the rosters as being from Leavenworth Kansas.
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Gatfield, Israel died at Lake Providence on July 19th; from "Ozaukee County's War History” by Daniel E. McGinley as extracted from THE PORT WASHINGTON STAR August 22, 1896 Chapter 9 Kansans Killed in Civil War & Indian Battle's Page 4, by Dennis Segelquist .
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Hottna, Henry died there on August 5th. From "Ozaukee County's War History” by Daniel E. McGinley as extracted from THE PORT WASHINGTON STAR August 22, 1896 Chapter 9 Kansans Killed in Civil War & Indian Battle's Page 4, by Dennis Segelquist .
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Parker, William F., Company K. Corporal, enlisted on May 31, 1861, mustered on same day. Died June 17, 1863, from wounds received at Baxter's Bayou La., on June 9, 1863. He's on the rosters as being from Atchison Kansas.
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Swan, Alonzo C. Swan. Rank: private. Age: 21. Occupation: farmer. Marital status: single. Died of disease at Lake Providence, April 19, 1863, of the 95th Infantry, Illinois
[picture of Alonzo C. Swan at right]
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Noonow, John - 1st KS Inf- Co.B- Kansas City, Jackson Co.- DOE 05-28-61- Pvt.- No age or nativity given- Died of disease at Lake Providence, LA on 06-23-63 "Missouri Men Who Served in Kansas Civil War Regiments" (book)
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O'Conner, James
- 1st KS Inf- Co.B- Kansas City, Jackson Co.- DOE 05-28-61- Pvt.- No age or nativity given- Died of disease at L. P., LA on 06-23-63
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Parkinson, William M., d. 1863 (MSS93) Union soldier and miller, was born ca. 1840, and died in July 1863, at Milliken's Bend, Louisiana, of typhoid fever he contracted. 11th Illinois Infantry, Company C. He drilled the company in the area of Lake Providence and Milliken's Bend, Louisiana.
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NOTE: TO BE CONTINUED...
I AM JUST GETTING STARTED ON THIS AND WOULD APPRECIATE YOUR HELP... IF YOU HAVE ANY SOLDIERS' INFORMATION THAT I CAN ADD TO THIS LIST I WOULD APPRECIATE YOU SENDING THE THE INFORMATION.
THANKS, SANDY SCHMITZ MOORE morechev@ipa.net

Wednesday, July 8, 2009

John Millikin Is Now Considered Earliests of the Settlers

I have been informed that John Millikin was here since before 1812. Millikin held a Spanish claim for land in the very northeast corner of Louisiana. A conveyance stipulated a grant given by Gov. Bernardo de Galvez in 1776 for property on Lake Providence, that body of water had been known as Stock Island Lake until Millikin himself renamed in in 1813. From "Three Roads to the Alamo", by William C. Davis.
"Richard Millikin was a prominent citizen of Carroll Parish , Louisiana. He owned large amounts of property and a plantation. His wife was Margaret Shaw, whose family came from Southern Louisiana. They both died in West Carroll Parish, as far as I know, and are supposedly buried on their plantation located on Leggitt Crossing Rd. Twenty years ago there was a sign that said Millikin Farms at the entrance to the property. I also have no idea who their parents were or exactly where they came from.
Richard Millikin was born about 1795 South Carolina
Died - Aft Civil War and Bef 1880 - supposedly killed bycarpetbaggers
Married - 8 May 1845 East Carroll Parish, Louisiana
Margaret - Born - 1825 Louisiana
Died - Btwn 1880 & 1883 West Carroll Parish, Louisiana
Children:
James Shaw Millikin
Robert C. Millikin
Creed Tanner Millikin
Richard M. Millikin
John D. Millikin
Margurite Millikin
Only James Shaw, Creed Tanner, and John D. lived to adulthood and had families.
"My Great Grandfather's brother, James S. Millikin. I learned from a Louisiana history book that he rode with Quantrill's bushwhackers and was present at the burning of Lawrence, Kansas." TERRY JENSON
1830 Concordia
Millikin, John 0000000010000 0000000000000
Concordia, pg. 153
The map shown at the top is a plat map in 1848. The very northeast corner of Carroll Parish is the Millikin land. Top, of course, is the Arkansas line, and to the right is the Mississippi River.

Tuesday, July 7, 2009

The Earliest Settler That I Have Found

"The earliest settler that I have found that remained living in the L. P. area is Warren Magruder Benton. I have found him here and there in lots of stuff while I do my East Carroll research. If you have any information researched that shows otherwise, please let me know." Sandy Moore

Headstone Inscription:
Benton, Warren M. 1798 - Feb. 1, 1873 -
born in Scott Co. KY ~
A citizen of Carroll Parish 50 years.

Warren M. Benton came from Georgia in 1837.
(1st marriage) He married Lucy Hunt. They had a daughter named Sarah Elizabeth Benton, and a son named Erasmus, born about 1820. Erasmus married Mary Matilda Reeves in 1838 in Montgomery Co, AL. Erasmus had a son named George Warren Benton. Erasmus died in 1858, and then Mary Matilda married James M. Climer in East Carroll in 1861 and moved to Hill co., Tx. about 1867. Lucy died in Georgia.

Warren married (2nd marriage) was in Carroll Parish. She was Martha Bass, daughter of Job Bass and Maria Richardson Bass of Look-Out Plantation who had been married twice before. A daughter was born to the Bentons and was named Alice.

1840 Carroll Parish Census:
Benton, Warren M.
0000110000000 3200100000000

Martha A. Bass Benton died in December, 1843. At Martha's death, her husband, Warren M. and her brother James A. Bass, were named as executors of the will and were to manage the estate which had been left to her two minor daughters.

(3rd marriage) Miss Royall, of Texas. Born to this union were two daughters, Mary Louise Benton and Sarah "Sally" Benton.

Monday, July 6, 2009

Those Who Returned - Those Who Did Not

RETURNING:
"Thus, it was to a ravaged and bitter land that the weary veterans returned from the easter battlefields. Maimed and scarred they came--Thomas Scarborough, Charles Purdy, Ed Kleinpeter,
John Draughon, Charles DeFrance, C. R. Egelly, E. J. Delony, J. S. Richards, Cyrus Hedrick,
W. R. C. Lyons, J. D. Lott, and Mark Valentine, Jr., among others."
OTHERS:
NOT RETURNING:
"Sons of Carroll Lay buried from Virginia to Baton Rouge. Franc Whicher, Nathan Trotter, George Sanderson, George Burrus.
D. D. Kilcrease,
B. A. Sanford, W. H. Farrar, and young Wesley McGuirt--
these were but a few of the casualties."
(From "A Place to Remember", by Georgia Payne Pinkston)

A Confederate Carroll (Parish), in Louisiana

This came out of Georgia Pinkston’s book “A Place to Remember”
During the first months of 1861, military companies were formed throughout Louisiana, including the Lake Providence Cadets, the largest in the state with 120 members. Among those serving in the ranks were Matt Kingsley, James Bass, and J. Jamison. Elected as officers in the company were Franc V. Whicher, Captain; W. F. Pennington, First Lieutenant; and D. C. Jenkins, Jr. and C. R. Purdy, Second Lieutenants. From the southern part of the parish came the Monticello Rifles, in which W. D. Hardeman, W. C. Corbin, and C. A. Hedrick served, under the command of Captain John S. Richards.
From across the Macon came the Floyd Guards under the command of John W. Dunn. Among those serving in the Guards were D. W. Kelly, W. A. Draughon, and Wesley McGuirt.
A large company was also raised in Pin Hook [Oak Grove], known as the Carroll Guards. The Police Jury agreed to support each man’s family in his absence. In addition to these companies formed in the parish, individual residents joined companies formed in adjacent parishes. In these first companies, however, only W. D. Hardeman came from the large planter class. The rest were small planters, merchants, and yeoman farmers.
With the capture of Fort Sumter by Confederate forces on April 14, 1861, war became a reality. The companies of Carroll were ordered to New Orleans for final training, and during the month of May, they were formally inducted into the Confederate States Army for twelve months service. The 2nd Louisiana Infantry, Co. G [Floyd Guards] and the 14th Louisiana Infantry, Co. I [Carroll Guards] were ordered to Virginia, where they served under General Robert E. Lee. The 3rd Louisiana Infantry, Co. H [Monticello Rifles] were ordered to Arkansas. The 4th Louisiana Infantry [Lake Providence Cadets] were stationed near New Orleans. In August, 1862, the Cadets participated in the Confederate attack on Baton Rouge.
As the war escalated in scope and intensity, the Confederate government requested more recruits from Louisiana. Carroll responded again by forming the Carroll Rebels, under the command of Captain A. J. Lott. On August 9, 1861, the 4th Battalian, Louisiana Infantry, Co. D [Carroll Rebels] were inducted into the Confederate Army.
Army demands continued, and Governor Moore, with a few volunteers left, announced on September 28, that all citizens between the ages of 18 and 45 were subject to militia duty. Later, Moore offered small bounties to boost the disappointing response. By December, 1861, a desperate Confederate government was offering a $50. Bounty for recruits to serve in the army.
In the first year of the war, Louisiana was very generous, fielding over 30,000 troops, with Carroll having volunteered 691 of its sons. The year 1862 opened with Union armies threatening Columbus, Kentucky. There was a great deal of excitement in Carroll, and T. C. Scarborough of Providence raised another company of volunteers. Inducted into the Confederacy as the [Pelican Rifles], 25th Louisiana Infantry, Co. K., they left almost immediately for Kentucky.
In response to the $50. Bounty offered by the Confederate government, a company of cavalry was formed in Carroll by Captain A. J. Lott, who was on detached duty from the Carroll Rebels. Known as the Carroll Dragoons, they were inducted into the service of the Confederacy on March 19, 1862.
Again, on April 12, another group of Carroll volunteers, the Confederate Defenders, was inducted into the Confederate Army as the 31st Louisiana, Co A, the group included E. J. Delony, George Burrus, John Hays, and A. N. McWilliams. The Briarfield Rebels [6th Battalian, Arkansas Cavalry, Co. D], a cavalry company formed in Carroll in 1862, fought in Tennessee and later in eastern Louisiana.
Governor Moore begged Jefferson Davis to send troops with which to defend the state, but to no avail. In desperation, Moore authorized the formation of the few remaining militia companies into Batavians of partisan rangers for state service. The companies of northeast Louisiana were combined to form the 13th Battalian, Partisan Rangers, under the command of Colonel Frank Bartlett.
By this time, the one-year term of enlistment for the men of the initial companies from Carroll had expired. Some re-enlisted, and some returned home. Captain W. C. Corbin, who had served with the Monticello Rifles in Arkansas and Missouri, was one of the returnees. Corbin raised another company from Carroll, and joined the 13th Battalian, as Co. B, and were stationed at Floyd. 13th Battalian, Co. C composed of men from Morehouse Parish, were stationed at Providence, under the command of Captain Jack McKoin. Also station in the northeast area were elements of Harrison’s 3rd Louisiana Cavalry, Co. E., which was garrisoned at Milliken’s Bend, under the command of Captain Harper.
There is a website that has wonderful research about these and other regimental/soldier history. You can find where the soldiers were buried by their surname.
http://www.lascv.com/vetinfo.htm

Sunday, July 5, 2009

Woman Civil War Soldier Dies of Small Pox at Lake Providence, March 22, 1863

1st Kansas Regiment

For years, researchers have been aware of a small blurb that appeared in an 1863 edition of the Poughkeepsie (NY)Telegraph. No author was given and while it raised periodic interest, without any author or secondary source, little merit was given to the possibility. The article.....
"The 1st Kansas regiment, of which I have spoken before, is encamped near us. One of the members of that regiment, a sergeant, died in the hospital two weeks ago. (disease was small pox) After death his comrades discovered that their companion, by the side of whom they had marched and fought for almost two years, was a woman. You may imagine their surprise at the discovery. I went to the hospital and saw the body after it was prepared for burial, and made some inquiries about her. She was of rather more than average size for a woman, with rather strongly marked features, so that with the aid of a man's attire she had quite a masculine look. She enlisted in the regiment after they went to Missouri and consequently they knew nothing of her early history. She probably served under an assumed name. She was in the battle of Springfield, where Gen. Lyon was killed, and has fought in a dozen battles and skirmishes. She always sustained an excellent reputation, both as a man and a soldier, and the men all speak of her in terms of respect and admiration. She was as brave as a lion in battle and never flinched from any duty or hardships that fell to her lot. She must have been very shrewd to have lived in the regiment so long and preserved her secret so well. Poor girl! She was worthy of a better fate. Who knows what grief, trouble or persecution induced her to embrace such a life?"
What gave this segment legitimacy to some, was the nature of the article. As can be seen above, the author shows sympathy and admiration, without judgment to her or her fellow male soldiers. For years, the article remained forgotten.
Among the many incidents which are constantly occurring in our camp there is one of more than ordinary interest and I will relate it to you. One of the members of the 1st Kansas Regt. died in the hospital yesterday after a very short illness. After death the somewhat startling discovery was made by those who were preparing the body for burial, that their companion, besides whom they had marched and fought for nearly two years, was a woman.

“You can imagine their astonishment. The Regt is camped near us, and I went to the hospital and saw her. She was of pretty good size for a woman, with rather masculine features. She must have been very shrewd to have kept her secret so long when she was surrounded by several hundred men. The 1st Kansas was one of the first regiments tt entered the service two years ago. This girl enlisted after they went to Missouri, so they knew nothing of her early history. She doubtless served under an assumed name. Poor girl! Who knows what trouble, grief, or persecution drove her to embrace all the hardship's of a soldiers life. She had always sustained an excellent reputation in the Regiment. She was brave as a lion in battle and never flinched from the severest fatigues or the hardship duties. She had been in more than a dozen battles and skirmishes. She was a sergeant when she died. The men in the company all speak of her in terms of respect and affection. She would have been promoted to a Lieutenancy in few days if she had lived."
From this letter, dated April 6, 1863, Blanton and Cook had identified the woman soldier as Sgt Alfred J Luther, who records showed died of disease in Providence, LA 22 March 1863. The author, who is obviously the Poughkeepsie Telegraph's correspondent, was Lt Frederick Haywood, section leader for the First Minnesota Artillery. Military records show the following. Alfred J Luther joined the 1st Kansas Infantry 30 May 1861, and reached the rank of Corporal before the Wilson's Creek battle. Newspaper accounts list Corporal Luther among the wounded (slightly) of this battle. On 1 May 1862, Luther was promoted to sergeant. According to National Archive records, no member of Luther's family ever filed for a military pension after the war. Update - 8/21/2007 - Thanks to Pat Millett of the Vicksburg National Battlefield Convention and Visitors Center - "Sgt. Alfred J. Luther, who enlisted in Co. A, 1st Kansas, is buried in the Vicksburg National Military Cemetery in Section K, grave # 5971".

A Notice in the Local Paper

I ran across this in the book "Slavery & the Constitution", by William Ingersoll Bowditch. It is a notice from a newspaper from the Lake Providence area. Thank goodness that things have changed! P. S. In the parenthisis is what I believe the word or name is actually suppose to be, I believe the ad to have been hard to read:

"Notice.--The subscriber, living on Carroway Lake (Gassoway Lake), on Hoe's Bayou (Joe's Bayou), in Carroll Parish, sixteen miles on the road leading to Lake Providence, is ready with a pack of dogs to hunt runaway negroes at any time. These dogs are well trained, and are known throughout the parish. Letter addressed to me at Providence will secure immediate attention.
"My terms are $5 per day for hunting the trails, whether the negro is caught or not. Where a 12 hours' trail is shown, and the negro is caught or not taken, no charge is made. For taking a negro $25 and no charge made for hunting.
JAMES W. HALL"

The Ole Bruin, Killed by Billy Alexander

AN UGLY CUSTOMER.--Our friend Billy Alexander, who, by-the-way, is quite a Nimrod, and the acknowledged champion shot in the country, killed a very large fat bear last week in the swamp back of "Middlesex Plantation" in this county. It's gross weight was about 700 pounds. The net weight 465 pounds. One half of it sent to Vicksburg, sold for $72. Although Billy did not seem inclined to boast of his feat in overcoming this monster single-handed, it was nevertheless an adventure which displayed a great deal of genuine courage, and would have covered us all up with glory.--Billy says that when he first discover "Bruin" his lordship was industriously engaged in raking up acorns, and had about four bushels gathered, and had his head turned from the direction of attack. Our hunter walked up within fifteen steps and gave the unsuspecting brute a charge of buckshot into his rear, which however only caused him to kick up like a mule, until doubtless, from curiosity, he turned to see the author of this ungentlemanly assault, when Billy gave him the contents of the other barrel of shot-gun. This had the effect of stunning him for a moment; but recovering, he made a desperate lunge at his persecutor. Billy was prepared, and administered another dose of lead, which made him yell most hideously, and maddened with pain, seemed bent on revenge. The fourth shot however, laid him out. We are under obligations for that 'bar' oil, Billy.

Friday, July 3, 2009

Diary of a Soldier When Stationed at Lake Providence, La.

Richard Martin, stationed at Lake Providence, La.
(From Clara Martin's autobiography)
Richard Martin, aged 21 years, of Ireland, left there in September 1851 for America. He landed in New York. He worked at weaving for Jason Miller who was his future wife's brother-in-law. He married Barbara Ann Leggett on April 1, 1858, at the same time as her sister Eliza was married to Joseph Duft in Illinois. His family moved to Iowa in 1872 were he did farm work, as he had done in Ireland. And then retired and moved to Farragut Iowa in 1895. His wife died 1 month and 27 days before him, on May 9, 1924 at the age of 94 years old, probably of grief.

RICHARD MARTIN'S DIARY
The following is a transcript of Richard Martin's diary he carried through the Civil War. The spelling is his, which makes it difficult to establish what some of the names mentioned actually were.
NOTE: I tried to add the correct names, words, & meanings. Sandy
"I must say good night. May God bless you. Kiss the babes and give friendly remembrances to all family and other friends. Every blessing to you and ours in time and eternity.
1 overcoat $7.20 1 dress coat 6.71 1 cap .63 1 pair pants 3.63 2 shirts 1.76 2 pair drawers 1.49 2 pair socks .52 1 blanket 2.95 1 hat 1.60 amount 23.80 13
October 1862 (someone's name I think) brought in a nigger and a mule.
(skipped down to L. P. stuff)
Monday, Feb 23rd, 1863 ~ Landed at Lake Providance. Move up the lake about 4 miles.
Tuesday February 24th 1863 ~ Putting up our camps about 4 miles up the lake. Nothing speshul (special).
Saturday 28th ~ I started to work on the bioo (bayou)
Sunday March 1st 1863 ~ Come in to camp off the bioo
Thursday 5th ~ Was on picket on the bioo Louisiana
Tuesday March 10 1863 ~ Writing a letter
Wednesday 11th ~ Recieved a letter
Thursday 12th ~ Wrote a letter home
Saturday 14th ~ Sent home a coat
Sunday 15th ~ Got a bord (on board) of the Henry (boat). Nothing speshul
Monday 16th ~ Lay on the river at Lake Providance. Left the river into the lake at sundown.
Tuesday 17th ~ Moved up the river from Lake Providence about 5 miles
Wednesday 18th ~ The boys are fixing their tents and cleaning
March 19th, 1863 ~ Friday 20th Got a letter
Sunday 22nd ~ Wrote home to my folks
Monday 23rd ~ Heard hevvy firing toward Vicksburg
Tuesday 24th ~ Got a letter
Wednesday 25th ~ Ansered it home
Thursday 26th ~ The brigade band got here this morning
Friday 27th ~ Nothing speshul
Saturday 28th ~Got new endfield guns today
Sunday 29th ~ Cold and disagreeable
Monday 30th ~ Still cold
Tuesday 31st ~ Writing home
Wednesday April 1st 1863 ~ Got a letter
Thursday 2nd ~ Nothing speshul
Friday 3rd ~ Wrote a letter home to my wife
Saturday 4th ~ Singed the payrol and James H. Whalley died
Sunday 5th ~ The boys went down to Lake Providence to burry James H. Whalley
Monday 6th ~ Recieved a letter from my wife. George Jarmen got to the regment. All the capts and lieuts standing brig guard
Tuesday 7th ~ 100 men firing up the camp
Wednesday 8th ~ On picket at the ferry landing. Adjutent General Thomas of the United States was here to comishon (commission) officers for a nigger regment. Made a speech.
Saturday April 11, 1863 ~ Got paid 2 months pay 52 dollars. Sent home 45 dollars.
Sunday 12th ~ Wrote a letter home about sending the money $45 with Mr. Fosket. On camp guard.
Monday 13th ~ Hurlbuts divishion went down the river. 12 boat lodes (loads).
Tuesday 14th ~ Oficers of the 20th on guard duty.
Wednesday 15th ~ Rober More (Robert Moore) has got his discharge
Thursday 16th ~ Robert More left Perries landing (Perry's) for home. He sent the money by express. Stephensons brigade (Stevenson's Brigade) went down river.
Friday 17th ~ 5 gunboats is reported in to run the blockage and 2 transports at Vicksburg heard hevvy canonading last night.
Saturday 18th ~ On picket guard. Was relieved about 3 oc. Got on bord the boat Sioux City
Sunday 19th ~ Got down to Milligens Bend (Milliken's Bend). Marched about a mile out west and camped. Had to tie up the boat on acount of a rain storm on the night of the 18th.
Monday 20th ~ Moved our tents twice. Some of the boys got new jackets. Dug a well.
Tuesday 21st ~ Maild a letter Tues morning. Was out on batalion drill. William McPherson and I bricked a well. Got a letter from home.
Wednesday 22nd ~ Had grand review. Govorner Yeats (Governor Yeates) was here. 2 men taken out of our regt to run the blockade. There wer 70 last night taken out of A and B, 21 out of our co.
Thursday 23 ~ Wrote a letter home. Copper went to run the blockade. Came back alright.
Friday 24th ~ Two brothers of the Young Mens Christian Assosiation visited our brigade today. Distributed bym books and other religious reding. Marsh has gone home and Colonal Smith comans the brigad. There names are Randels and Brunell.
Saturday 25th ~ Got marching orders. Left camp about 10 or 11 oc. Marched to Richmond about 14 miles. Pretty warm. Collonel Howes horse hurt."

1833 to 1866 Business In Lake Providence


From "A Place to Remember", by Georgia Payne Durham Pinkston


Wednesday, July 1, 2009

East Carroll Tournament Of Oct. 29, 1889

From "A Place to Remember", by Georgia Payne Pinkston
AN IMMENCE GATHERING, FINE SPORT, A DELIGHTUL DAY, & A GRAND BALL AT NIGHT.
"The tilting at the Tourney has been a prominent source of public rivalry and enjoyment for many years in East Carroll--always attended by large gatherings from far and near of the fairest and best of our people. Last Tuesday was no exception to the Knightly festivities. Our town was crowded with fgaily dressed people, the sky was clear and bright and cheeful ancitcipation of pleasant time seem to lighten up the faces of everyone.
At noon, precisely, sixteen Knights in charge of Capt. W. H. Harvey, escorted by Grand Marshal, Dr. Frank E. Artaud, left town for Arlington accompanied by a large concourse.
Judges selected to determine the result of the contest were T. P. Leathers, of New Orleans, Judge Baird of Morehouse, Hon. J. M. Kennedy of Providence. The time keepers were Messrs. Douglas of Tensas and Searles of Vicksburg, Mississippi. The scorers were Dr. W. E. Long of Providence, and Herald was C. A. Donnally of East Carroll.
Capt. Harvey in company with the other Knights formed a line before the Judges' stand and listened to a brief, but eloquent oration delivered by Sir Knight Ransdell, who was introduced to the Knights and assembled crowd by Judge J. M. Kennedy.
The distance from start to arch ring is 100 yards, time was 8 seconds; with 1 1/4 inch ring. Three rings were tilted for in the run, and four runs for each Knight, or a chance for 12 rings.
Pending the prliminaries the wind rose in fitful gusts and by the time the actual tilting began the rings were seen occasionally to swing to and from to such an extent as to make it quite difficult for each swift advancing Knight to capture the much coveted circles.
Given below are the names of the Knights, their nicknames or non-de-plumes, and their totals as rendered by the Judges:
George Douglas "Knight of Laura Lee"; 10 rings, Archie Douglas "T. P. Leathers"; 9 rings, M. P. Erwin, "California"; 8 rings, Nolen Harvey "Young America; 6 rings, Mr. Pigee "Poultry Hill";5 rings, and F. X. Ransdell "Red Scarf "; 5 rings.
Four rings for each of the following:
Flournoy Davis "White Scarf", F. M. Kerlin "Kentucky", W. C. McRae "Lake", W. H. Davis "Belle Meade", Mr. Higgins "Last Chance", W. H. Harvey "Don Carlos", & Hugh Montgomery "Desona".
And for each of the following: Jesse D. Tompkins "Black Cap"; 2 rings, George F. Blackburn "Shelburn"; 1 ring, and Robert Moore; 0 rings.
Best Time made was six and a quarter seconds by Knight of "Laura Lee", Mr. George Douglas of Tensas Parish. He also combined the best score and the best time, winning the 1st prize.
A most perfect horsemanship was noticed by Mr. Nolan Harvey of Madison Parish; and we cannot avoid expressing our admiration of the riding of the little boy, Master Hugh Montgomery, bareback and every other way, who took the four rings with the rest of them.
The evening programme opened with the crowning of the Queen of Love and Beauty, Miss Alma Egelly, Mr. George Douglas.
Mr. Archie Douglas placed a floral wreath aroung the brow of Miss Narcisse Williams (later Mrs. W. D. Brown) as first maid of honor; and Miss Emmy Richares was selected by Mr. Nolan Harvey as 3rd Maid of Honor, and the ball was then opened with the coronation.
At one time there were 105 couples on the floor moving around to the magic measure of D. L. Morgan's string band."

Monday, June 29, 2009

Poverty Point of Carroll Parish

(Poverty Point Brochure)
A Rich Culture flourished Eight Centuries before Christ
The time was eight centuries after Egyptian slaves dragged huge stones across the desert to build the great pyramids. The place was a hemisphere away, in North America at a site now in northeaster Louisiana, and the people who fashioned Poverty Point mounds had probably migrated to this part of the world from Asia via the Bering Strait and Alaska.
These ancient people set for themselves was the building of a complex array of earthen mounds near what was then the banks of the Mississippi River. The central group of mounds consists of six rows of concentric octagonal ridges, five to ten feet high, with aisles at the corners leading to the center. The outer octagon measures three-quarters of a mile across. Only about half of the octagonal mounds remain, for Macon Bayou, which flows past the site, has eroded the original complex.
Four other mounds are nearby and noteworthy for their size and shape. Immediately to the west of the octagonal village lies Poverty Point Mound, a spectacular bird shaped mound measuring about 700 by 800 feet at its base and rising about 60 feet into the sky. Motley Mound, is another located due north of the village and is similar in size and shape, although the bird shape lacks a tail. A third earthen mound, called Jackson Mound, lies due south and is like the other two. It has been theorized that the river or bayou washed away a fourth mound twenty centuries ago. It has been estimated that 5 million man hours has been devoted to building these massive structures.
One of the most remarkable aspects of this culture was the peoples willingness to import materials from great distances and their ability to adapt to the environment. An example of the later trait is found in the millions of hard brick-like clay balls found at the site. Made by hand and hardened in the sun, these balls were heated and tossed into food vessels as a method of cooking. It is known that stones were used at the time for this purpose, but since there were no stones at Poverty Point, clay ball were ingeniously substituted. Flint knives and spears were made from stones imported from thirty miles away, and soapstone vessels were made of material from the mountains of North Carolina 500 miles away.
Visit Poverty Point. It is located on Highway 577, north of Epps, La., about 40 miles west and north of Vicksburg, Mississippi.

Saturday, June 27, 2009

Battle of Lake Providence, June 29, 1863

In conjunction with the attacks on Milliken's Bend and Young's Point launched on June 7, Confederate General Richard Taylor ordered a strike against the Federal enclave at Lake Providence. Col. Frank Bartlett, commanding a force of 900 cavalrymen, crossed Bayou Macon on June 9 and pushed on toward Lake Providence forty-eight hours behind schedule. Reaching the banks of Lake Providence six miles west of their objective, the Confederate cavalrymen encountered two companies of the 1st Kansas Mounted Infantry at Bayou Baxter. The Federals withdrew toward the town of Lake Providence crossing the bridge over Tensas Bayou at this point after which the span was destroyed. The Kansans took position along the stream bank where they were reinforced by the 16th Wisconsin and the black troops under Brig. Gen. Hugh T. Reid. In spite of a strong Federal presence, Bartlett formed line of battle and advanced toward the bayou while a 6-pounder gun was moved into position near the present-day Club House of the Lake Providence Country Club. Confederate pioneers boldly attempted to rebuild the bridge. Union sharpshooters, however, forced the cannoneers in gray to withdraw and, after a brisk exchange of musketry in which few troops on either side were injured, Bartlett ordered his men to retire. The Confederates lost two killed and five wounded in this brief affair while the Federals reported only one man wounded.

Friday, June 19, 2009

The Bob Brawley Collection....


"Mr. Bob Brawley, of Virginia, sent to me a package that contained a collection of articles concerning the original owners of the Arlington Plantation in Lake Providence, La., the Thomas Patten family.
Part of the collection sent to me:
(1) Notes from Mr. Bob Brawley explaining various things concerning the Patten Family members.
(2) "Legacy to My Children", a journal written by Selina Wheat. Within her journal she shares a very interesting and scary story; she tells of a time, in her young adult years, when she and some younger family members journeyed to a northern section of Carroll Parish by themselves, read "The Fearful Stranger".
(3) It also contains charts & family trees of the Wheats, Seays, Roberdeaus, Wolfes, etc. handwritten and sent to me by Brawley. Other info came out of the book written by Roberdeau, "The Geneaology of the Roberdeau Family", by Roberdeau Buchanan, and also from "Gentle Tiger", by Charles L. Dufour. I will add these here also. I hope that Mr. Brawley likes what I have done with his collection & some of his notes that he sent to me."
by Sandy Guthrie Moore

(1)
Mr. Brawley's Notes:
The original owner of Arlington Plantation, Thomas Roberdeau Patten, at 12 years old, sailed to Europe with Capt. Crowell. Upon their return at New Orleans Captain Crowell died of yellow fever. From an account in "The Genealogy of the Roberdeau Family", printed in 1875, by Roberdeau Buchanan, it was stated that Thomas Roberdeau Patten quite by accident met his brother, Joseph May, on the Red River personally after his trip to Europe.

Selina's account has T. R. Patten going with their father, Thomas Patten, who died in 1820.Selina Wheat (Seay) Pilcher, born in Lake Providence, [as noted above] married April 5, 1874 to Charles Morehouse Pilcher, of Carroll Parish, a native of Tennessee. His mother was a sister of Mrs. Joseph M. Patten. Mr. Pilcher is a promising lawyer in Lake Providence.Their child is Selina Wheat, born July 27, 1875.

I'm well acquainted with Heriot [Harriet] Rozier Patten. She was a sister to Joseph May, Thomas Roberdeau, as well as Selina Patten Wheat. She married John Miller, of Winchester, VA.. They moved to L. P. around 1840, died in 1853.

Their children I'm not so familiar with.Thomas Patten, the old man, owned a plantation called Monroe, according to this book. Selina said in her journal that T. Patten moved to "Ft. Miro, now called Monroe". [Carroll Parish was once was a part of Ouachita Parish, Monroe was once referred to as Ft. Miro. Monroe, the Ouachita Parish city, maybe started as Monroe Plantation]. Thomas Patten died in 1820.

Salina's Journal is 72 pages long. I know there is a lot there. It consists of Selina's remarks about her family, ending with the story about the fearful stranger.There is a section written by my father's grandmother, grand-daughter of Selina Wheat. She remarked that she found the journal in 1918 and mentioned some painted portraits of "Aunt Narcissis". That would have been Narcisses Williams, daughter of Joseph May Patten [Sherwood] and a portrait of Mrs. Morgan, Mary De Neal Wolf.

This is not a Lake Providence Memoir, it is from a woman who’s brother lived in Lake Providence.
The woman, Selina Patten Wheat lived in Alexandria, VA.*
Wheeling W. VA.*
Elk Ridge, MD.*
Baltimore, MD.*
Culpepper, VA.*
Winchester, VA.*
Little Rock, AR.
Nashville, TN.
Memphis, TN
Chapel Hill, N.C.
Salibury, N.C.
Marrieta, OH.*
New Orleans, LA.*
Bunches Bend, LA.*
The ones with stars are mentioned in this memoir.

In a final section of her journal, Mrs. Selina Wheat wrote "The History of C. R. Wheat". I suspect she copied it. It does not have much of that babble a mother would talk about a son. It facts, facts, facts. Charles Dufour borrowed from it, heavily, in writing his book.

It is not going to remain in a cupboard as a family heirloom to be lost in an unidentified cardboard box on passing to the next generation. It's part of a collection, whether an intack or scattered collection. Now it's scattered."
Robert A. Brawly, Leesburg, Virginia,
May 28, 2006

(2)
"Selina's Journal", by Selina Wheat
"Roberdeau Wheat gave her (Selina Wheat) the blank book and asked her to write her side of the family history. Selina’s original journal is 78 pages long. Just 17 pages are included in what Mr. Brawley sent to me. The other 50 pages is Selina’s story of her son, Chatham Roberdeau Wheat. Below is the 17 pages, I transcribed it as well as I know how to do." Sandy Guthrie Moore
"My Legacy To My Children"
by Selina Wheat

Genealogy of T. R. Patten, Joseph May Patten of Lake Providence, La.

"Robert Cunningham was the 8th son of Richard Cunningham of Glengarnoch and Elizabeth Heriot his wife. He is of the 4th generation from Gabriel, 3rd Laird of Cvagesscls, the 9th from Alexander, the 1st Earl of C Glencaurs and 22nd from Fuskin, Father of Malcome who preserved King Malcome Canmere from Mackbeths strategy, was born at Glengarnoch on the 24th of March 1660. He went when quite young to the Island of St. Christopher’s in America.

As before stated and on the 26th day of September 1693 he married Judith Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel de Bounessor of Morlais in the province of Beau in France and Mary de Barat, his wife who was sister to ???

Charles de Barat Lugrrumr de Laberdie last of the most Christian Kings, armies and Gov. of the Citadel of tole of Flanders. Their children are first a son Richard, 3rd Richard, 4th Mary, 5th Daniel, 6th Charles, 7th Susanna, 8th Heriot.


Thus for Robert Cunningham gives an account of himself and family under his own signature and it appears by other records that the first born son died at an early age, Mary the 4th child and oldest daughter married to Isaac Roberdeau (1), a native of Rochelle, in France, who with many others left their native country under the Edict of Nantz, their children are Elizabeth, Anne, Daniel.

On the death of their father and during the infancy of the son, Daniel, the family removed from St. Christopers to Philiadelphia in North America. Elizabeth died about 1794 unvarried. Ann married William Selymer, by whom she had one son, Daniel Cunningham, who died in Berks City, Pennsylvania.

Daniel Roberdeau, the son, was born in the Island of St. Christophers and came at an early age to Philadelphia and became a merchant of that city. He married Mary, the daughter of the Rev. David Bostnick, Pastor of the Presbyterian Church in the city of New York. Their children are 1st Isaac, 2nd Mary, 3rd Ann, 4th Daniel B., 5th Mary, and 6th Selina.

During the war with England Mr. Daniel Roberdeau came identified with the American cause and on the arrival of General Lafayette was made a member of Gen. Lafayette’s family, as his aid and for his military prowess was raised to the rank of general, became at the close of the war a resident of Alexandria, VA., where he often met Gen. Washington, visiting him at Mt. Vernon and in return Gen. Washington often came to spend nights accepting hospitality at the Roberdeau house, it is still standing in Alexandria. Gen. Roberdeau was ever a devoted Mason as was Gen. Washington. Thus they meet as Brothers in lodge.

General Roberdeau (2) married a second time to Miss Milligan a native of Scotland by whom a second family of children of his old age are still living in Winchester, VA. Whether he removed in 1800 or later I do not know the date. It is in Winchester he is buried near General Morgan of Revolution history, in the church yard of the old Presbyterian Church.
The children of General Roberdeau’s 1st marriage remain in Alexandria, where they had married. The son, Isaac (3), was at West Point a graduate filled some high office there, and afterwards in Washington was Chief Engineer in the topographical department. He resided in Georgetown where I last visited him when Roberdeau, my 1st born, was an infant.

Colonel Isaac Roberdeau married in the city where he was born in Philadelphia to Miss Susan Shippin Blair, daughter of Rev. Francis Blair of Germantown. Ann Roberdeau married Jonathan Swift (4), the nephew of Dean Swift of historical memory. Selina Roberdeau married Scotimore Nicholls (sic) of Norfolk, VA.. Mary Roberdeau married Mr. Thomas Patten. She (5) was buried inn the church yard of the 1st Presbyterian Church in Alexandria in 1808, near her sacred ashes lie buried two infant daughters, Susan and Catharine. Her oldest son, Roberdeau, lies buried in the new grave yard.

Joseph May and Thomas Roberdeau Patten are buried where they died on their plantation in Louisiana, near Lake Providence (6). The 1st (Joseph), in 1841, the younger (Thomas) in 1852. Both daughters of Mary Patten who have died, the eldest, Mary, wife of Dr. Thomas Wolfe, is buried in Faquier, VA. and Harriet Rozier (sic) lies near her brothers at Lake Providence. Only Selina Blair Wheat is left to write this record now in her 66 year, married in 1825 to Reverend John Thomas Wheat, of Washington City, clergyman of the Nolestant (sic) Episcopal Church, who besides the Mother shall write of these beloved one’s gone to Heaven.

The children of Colonel Isaac Roberdeau are Mary, Susan, and Selina. The last two.. Susan and Selina are living. Selina married McShean Buchaham Turner, in the U. S. army and lives in Charleston, Ma?? (sic) having two children; Seletia and Roberdeau. Mary and Susan never married. Ann Swift, who was married to Jonathan Swift, lived in Alexandria VA.. She had 5 children whom I can remember: William Roberdeau, Daniel, Ann J., Mary, and Foster 3rd son. Selina Nicholls had three daughters: Martha, Selina Ann, and Mary, the last two are still living.
Mary Patten had in all 7 children: two daughters, who died in their infancy. Isaac Roberdeau, oldest son, was born in Alexandria, and Joseph May, second son also. Mary Ann, Heriot, and Selina. Isaac Roberdeau died at the age of 19 in Alexandria of vane piety and promise. Mary Ann died in Faquier Co., VA., while attending Rector Springs for her health. Joseph May died on his plantation in Louisiana in 1840, a devout member of the church, as was his sister Mary Wolfe.

Heriot Miller (sic) (7), second daughter of Mary Roberdeau, had four living daughters and one son at her death. Her eldest, Mary Dunn (8), died of the same disease of her Mother, Yellow Fever, in 1853, after nursing her father, mother, husband, and sister, she lived only a few days and is buried in Greenville, Mississippi. Mrs. Miller survived her husband only 4 days, who also died of the same dreadful disease - five members of the family died in less than a fortnight at Lake Providence, La., where they are buried. Three daughters still live: Laura, Ann, and Fannie, all married. Thomas Patten (9) left no children. He is buried on his plantation in La. called the “Arlington” (10), after the old Arlington, where he often was as a boy. Joseph May left two daughters: Selina Ann and Narcisa (11), who still live on her father’s plantation. Married to Major John Brands Williams, she had seven children all young. Selina died soon after her marriage, leaving one child who also died. Mary Ann Wolfe (12) had three children, her oldest still lives to bless her mother’s memory.

Mary De Neale Wolfe, now Harrison, is the oldest child of Mry Ann Wolfe, lived during the life time of her first husband Judge T. N.(?) Morgan in New Orleans. She had four children; Thomas, Mary, Fannie, and Selina, and only Thomas survives. He lives in California where he married Mary Harrison. His mother resides in California. She has 3 children by Mr. H.(space). Thomas Wolfe (13), my sister’s 2nd child, married Maria Temple in Fredericksburg, VA. Where he died leaving five daughters and one son. Three daughters still live now in Baltimore with their mother.
Lewis Wolfe (14) died young at his Uncle Joseph Pattens’ in Louisiana. It was remain for me the very poor writer of this memorial of my beloved family to add what will interest my dear children. He who made the request with this book, my first born son, he is gone from Earth, but she, his sister, Selina, who has asked the same I must for her sake.

September 12, 1872
I do begin on this my Natal Day, to record for my dear children, take what I can reveale (sic) of my childhood days. None are left who can do this, but myself. I am last of my family.
I was just 3 years old when my dear mother was called from earth, young as I was my father impressed my young mind and heart with her image for us as she lay in the arms of death he raised me to kiss her cold lips and he after many years told me I said “Momma so cold”., also remember papa holding one side of a cup of tea as I carried it to the bedside of my sick mother.

One other incident I remember in my fathers home of a large bird which had been sent to papa from South America. I stooped to stroke its neck of vane and beautiful plumage and the bird struck its bill in my eye. It was thought for a long time I would lose the sight, but strange to say I can now, in my 67 year, see better with it than the other can see it without glasses.

[pg. 147]
When I was but five years old my Father decided to go see after a large body of land in Louisiana which he owned and some military lands given to my Grandfather for his service in the Revolutionary War. It was “The Great Bastrop Claim” in the county of Ouachita, LA., which turns out, though he purchased 20,000 acres and paid taxes for more than 30 years - has never been of use to his children. The U. S. Government sold it. We were then all young. My sister, Mary, was sent to Philadelphia to school, my sister Harriot and myself with our younger brother, quite a babe, was sent with our dear old nurse “Mammy Betsy”, of whom I must write - dear faithful friend and Foster Mother, as she was. Papa always preferred a white nurse for his children and she and Elizabeth Lutney had lived as my Mother’s housekeeper, overlooking the negro nurse ‘Delia’ for years since the birth of my son Roberdeau, when she was young.

[pg. 148]
More than half a century did this faithful servant live with the children of my Mother whom she promised on her death bed “she won’t never forsake”. So did my Father send her with the three youngest children to Winchester to my Aunt Nickolls who was in charge of the Winchester Academy (15) under Rev. Dr. ??? Hile, a Presbyterian clergyman much esteemed. My mother and aunt were of that church, not the Puritan brands, but the old Hugonnot, our Mammy (?) was a Methodist. Then how well I remember the many songs of her church.
We lived in Winchester going to school till the death of our father who died at Fort Muro, now Monroe, La, where our brothers, Joe May and Thomas, were with him and then afterwards are sister, Mary Ann married Dr. Thomas Wolfe. She went to Culpeper to reside and took me with her.
[pg. 149]
Heriot had married at an early age of 15 to John W. Miller of Winchester. Our brother Thomas (16) went on a voyage to Europe at an early age of 12 with Captain Crowdell, an old family friend of Papa’s, a sea captain, and brother was with him on board his ship in 1818 when Captain Crowdell died of yellow fever at New Orleans. Papa was then at Monroe and sent for my brother who remained with him till his death in 1820. I was with my sister Mary in Culpeper, VA.. She was a mother in every respect to me and on her death bed requested her husband “never to separate her daughter, Mary de Neale, from me.”
So I was taken by Dr. Wolfe to Alexandria, where Mary was with our Aunt De Neale, who had been with my sister at Rector Springs when she died and took Mary to Alexandria with her.

[pg. 150]
I took the dear child from her father’s arms who said “I will leave Mary with you for the present”, and so I had the darling, my sister had given to me and never were we separated. She was on Culpeper on a visit to her father, I went to her on my wedding ?? and brought her to my home in Alexandria, where I had married only a few months before on 10th of March 1825, and it was in July. I visited my brother-in-law, Mary’s father he took leave of her with fondest kisses - for he loved her dearly.
How often I recall parting of father and daughter, they were never to meet on faith again for on Christmas morning following he was returning on a visit to a patient he was thrown from his horse and killed.
Mary was then mine forever and no mother was ever more loved than she loved me through all our sad and happy changes. Mary has been to me a daughter fond and true.
It was in 1825 when I was married that as we journed, my young husband and I, we met or rathered we journed the same road, returning to Alexandria, that we were honored to ride n company for a day, a move to the village of Warrenton, VA. with General Lafayette (17) and his sorte - once when our horses ….

[pg. 151]
...were being watered the General observing in the rear or Gig (on then such a two wheeled vehicle was called) he walked to greet us. I had before seen him but he knew it not. I told him I had married since I had the honor of handing him a rose from Mr. Vernon the winter before. He remembered for I had told him I was the graddaughter of General Roberdeau, he then kissed my little niece, Mary, who knew not who he was. She was then 4 years old. So often since did she say to me “it was General Lafayette who kissed me, was it not?” She ten calle me Aunt having in her infancy said only ‘Nena’, but afterwards called me as she taught my children “Ma” sweet word for Mother.

[pg 152] - I’m leaving a suitable space blank to accommodate page 152 which I (Brawley) mapped off my computer never to be found again.

[pg 153]
….. Baptism of my 1st born son who asked me so earnestly for this memoir. We lived in Alexandria the 1st year and a half after our marriage when after several calls elsewhere my husband decided to go with our little family to Maryland at Elk Ridge. My true good friend and nurse Mammy joined me there. She had bee housekeeper while I was unmarried for Mr. Bushrod Washington and I persuaded her to return to her first cave of me and mine. She was to me what she had been to my mother. It was while living here that Mr. Lewis Wolfe (18) invited me to see his brother’s children and he said to me “Selina, (for he had known me in my childhood), let me take the boys home with me and I will send them to school.” I consented for I had then another sweet babe in my arms and thus I parted from the little boys.

[pg. 154]
My 1st daughter, Selina Patten, who was baptized by Rev. Dr. Wyate (sic), of Baltimore, and the following winter we removed to that city, Baltimore, to live. My husband still in charge of the two Bountry (?) Charlis Ellicott (sic), Mith Ch (sic), and Elk Ridge Landing. It was while living in Baltimore my husband was ordained a priest by Bishop Kemp of Maryland. Up to this time my life was one of uninterrupted happiness for though poor I was surrounded by many friends and felt myself rich in God bounty - for my husband was a good provider of many creature comforts. I remember how often we fed our oysters in the cellar and how Mammy knew how to prepare them often. At every meal were they roasted in the kitchen where only logs of wood were used to cook with. For well I remember when cooking stoves were first used in America….

[page. 155]
... as well do I remember when the 1st railroad. It was when we lived on Elk Ridge that my husband was invited to dine at Carrollton, the home of ‘Charles Carroll of Carrollton” (19), signer of what was then called our Independence. (Atlas! Alas!, where is that independence now) It was at this dinner at Carrollton that when the meal was over and the bountiful table had been cleaved that as the guest waited for the head of the table to use a basket was brought, so profusely filled with flowers, that not till it was just before the honored host that he introduced to the wondering guests his grandson, Charles Carroll the 4th generation, for it was on the 91st birthday of the Master of the Manor, Charles Carroll of Carrollton.

[pg. 156]
It was in the year 1829 that we removed to Wheeling, West Virginia. It was to me a sad removal for I lost the sweet and genial circle of friends which ever make life so dear. It had been for years a fond desire of my father-in-law to remove West and my good husband offered to pioneer - we went there to hardship. We could not have dreamed of for there it was that aboliticrist reigned and freedom was not to either white or black; time has proven what a fallen race we are. We had giants in those days, now are we dwarfs. No Washington, no Lafayette are left. Revolutions do but produce the scum of men, the Lincolns and the Grants. This country will be e’er another generation shall pass away another Mexico - worse still Africa is to reign in our Congress and on the supreme bench were some already rule.

[pg. 157]
It was in 1830 that your brother John Thomas (20) was born 30 Dec. He was baptized by Bishop Meade of Virginia, and it was in Wheeling. My brother Thomas (21) invited me with the request of my brother, Joseph (22), to let our Mary (23) go to spend some time with him in Monroe, La. I could not refuse for I knew the pleasure such a trip would give the child, and this dear brother repeatedly had aided me in the care of our sister’s children. Mary was gone about one year when I visited my sister, Mrs. Miller, in Winchester, to look after Mary’s brother, for their uncle, Mr. Wolfe (24), had died. I found them a burden to maiden Aunt Mrs. Wolfe, and I put Thomas (25a) to school. My sister offering to look after Joseph (25b). On my return I told my husband of their destitution and he said “Why did you not bring them home with you my dear. “ So did he even offer his home to my dear relations.

Soon after I wrote for them to be brought to me at Wheeling. My brother glad to hear I had their dear boys with me sent me the means to bring them to him, or to go to school as I chose. My hear husband was already teaching them. When in my desire to see Mary and to visit my brother I left home taking Selene and my baby John Thomas, my good mother-in-law took charge of Roberdeau and his father, and I spent the winter of 1831 in Louisiana. My brother had removed to Bunches Bend near Lake Providence. There I met my niece Mary, who I had determined to bring home with me leaving her brothers to my brother’s care.

Mary was at an age to receive the higher branches of education. My brother, Joseph, had sent her to an excellent school in Washington, MS. To Mrs. Thayer, but I had far better advantage for her. My husband was teaching at Wheeling a school of the first order and it was here the dear child shone her great proficiency in music.

While I was with my brother my husband was urged to visit Marietta, Ohio, and he found a more desirable position as Rector of St. Luke Church. He had been in Wheeling the Rector of Christ Church, but it only gave him the promise of 5.00$(sic) salary , never paid, while at Marrieta more was offered with a house to live in. So in 1832 he decided to accept and after the birth of Josephine May (27), my 2nd daughter, we went to move Salubrian diane (written in pencil) and pleasant home to live in, but it was not congenial in many respects. My brother, Joseph, came that summer to visit us, and he, during his absence from home, was elected to the legislature of his state and that without being a candidate. He accepted, if my husband, whom he loved as a brother indeed, would to New Orleans and I to stay with his wife in his absence. This was more than we could promise, but ‘No man orderth his own steps‘.
Brother-in-law Lauler (???) Wheat, had just returned from Texas when he was taken with Small Pox in Wheeling and died. In the spirit of the son and brother, my husband went to be with his parents at such an hour - and though he staid (sis) to avoid bringing the disease home should we have it, or did the children though they of course were removed from our home, yet it did become necessary for him to go to a milder climate to recover and to my brothers went to New Orleans, and it was only to hear him in the soul (???) of his great calling to have all men to want him for their Pastor. So was he called to that city with a salary the same for a month as was given him in Ohio for a year to New Orleans we went.

NOTES: (From Bob Brawley from along side the text)
(1) As you’ll see there is a bunch of Isaac Roberdeaus. There is Gen D. Roberdeaus father mentioned above here. There is Col. Isaac Roberdeau, grandson of the above mentioned Isaac and son of Gen. Daniel Roberdeau, and there is Isaac Roberdeau Patton, a brother to Selina Wheat, who died at 19 years old.
(2) General Roberdeau was a member of the Continental Congress.
(3) Isaac Roberdeau assisted Lafant (sic) in laying at the streets of Washington, oversaw the installation of water pipes being installed in the Whitehouse from a spring, and constructed barricades before the British Invasion in 1812-1814.
(4) Jonathan Swift was a well-known merchant in Alexandria, VA. He bought Thomas Patten’s inventory when he left for Monroe, LA., in 1812. [From Artisan and Merchants of Alexandria, VA. 1780-1820, Vol. 2]
(5) “I went to the church grave yard at the Presbyterian Meeting House, in Alexandria”, writes Mr. Brawley, “… never could find Mrs. Mary R. Patten grave, but in the list of cemeteries she and 2 infant daughters are listed. The new grave yard is huge. It’s over at the National Grave Yard, west of Henry Street.”
(6) The Pattens and Dunns are buried in the ‘white’s only’ cemetery in Lake Providence, LA..
(7) Heriot Miller, described as Harriet Rozier Patton, married John W. Miller, of Winchester. Thomas R. Wolf papers at the Southern Historical Society at Wilson Library. UNC Chapel Hill. [Abstract on the Web - type in Thomas Roberdeau Wolfe]
(8) Mary Dunn reference to the Dunns of L. P., La. Via website - type in Lake Providence history.
(9) This Thomas Roberdeau Patten is the son of Thomas Patten, Alexandria, VA. merchant that moved to Monroe, La. in 1812.
(10) The Arlington Plantation house is still standing, privately owned. Built in 1841, the same year Patten died.
*Note: I’m presuming that Thomas Patten’s 2 sons got the proceeds of the 20,000 acres unbeknownst to Selina and ??? (left blank). They both moved to Lake Providence in 1831, both living at Sherwood Plantation at Bunches Bend, about 9 miles from Lake Providence. Later in 1841, the younger brother built Arlington Plantation, just outside of L. P.. [Not fact, just a guess]
(11) Joseph Mays daughter is listed in the Lake Providence Cemetery records as Narcissa Willliams. The entry says she was born at Sherwood. I presume Sherwood Plantation.
(12) Mary Ann Wolfe, oldest, is Mary de Neale (sic)
(13) Thomas Roberdeau Wolfe was born May 1819 in Culpeper, married Maria Bernard Temple, and move to New Orleans and practiced law for 13 years.
(14) Joseph Lewis Wolfe, born 1821 and died 1833. [from the Abstract of the Thomas R. Wolfe papers ( #461), Wilson Library, UNC at Chapel Hill]
(15) The Winchester Academy is still going strong in Wincehster, established about 1796.
(16) Brother Thomas is Thomas Roberdeau PATTEN. NOT Wheat nor Wolfe
*Note: Look here! Remember me talking about the photo of Arlington Plantation at the Library of Congress? It said on the back Thomas R. Patten, well ever since I’ve been calling John Thomas.
(17) The Rev. J. T. Wheat tells about LaFayett’s triumphal return visit to Alexandria. A parade, songs, and speeches in his published poem “Rememberence”, which he wrote on his Golden Wedding anniversary (1875)
*A Handwritten draft in James S. Brawley’s collection, also one in Wheat/Shober Papers. The Wheat/Shober papers at UNC Chapel Hill Wilson Library. Type in John Thomas Wheat on ‘search’ you get there, type in ‘Southern Historical Collection’, never get there.
(18) Mr. Lewis Wolfe’s brother was the deceased Dr. Thomas Wolfe, father of Mary de Neale Wolfe, Thomas Roberdeau Wolfe, and Joseph Lewis Wolfe.
(19) Charles Carroll of Carrollton was in history the last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence.
(20) The uncle, Mr. Wolfe, I assume is Lewis Wolfe, his father was also called Lewis Wolfe, an attorney in Winchester VA., a state senator from 1804 - 1811.
(21) John Thomas is the Reverand and Mrs. Wheat's 2nd son, John Thomas.
(22) Brother Thomas is Mrs. Selina' Wheat's younger brother, T. R.
(23) Joseph is Joseph May Patten, Selina's older brother.
(24) Mary is Mary de Neale Wolfe.
(25a, 25b) Mary de Neal Wolfe's brothers were Thomas Roberdeau and Joseph Lewis Wolfe. So the upshot is that Selina Wheat (older) put Thomas Roberdeau Wolfe in school and Mrs. Miller took in Joseph Lewis Wolfe to live with them.
(26) The uncle , Mr. Wolfe, I assume, is Lewis Wolfe. His father was also called Lewis Wolfe, an attorney in Winchester, VA., a state senator from 1804-1811.
***Charles L. DuFore wrote in his book “Gentil Tiger” that C. Roberdeau Wheat applied to his cousin to ‘read the law’. That cousin was Thomas Roberdeau Wolfe, the same 11-yr old boy that Selina put in school in Winchester, VA. So it seems they were well acquainted with each other.
The reason Thomas Roberdeau Wolfe rejected C. R. Wheat’s application was a loathing Mr. Wolfe had for Roberdeau ??? Mr. Wheat. (Just a guess)
(27) Josephine May and May Wheat Shober are the same person. Josephine married the Honorable Francis E. Shober / 1853.
***Read also the book "The Roberdeau Family", by Roberdeau Buchanan.
"The Fearful Stranger"
by Selina Wheat

…and here I will record an incident known only to the older children-- It was too early in the search for my husband to take his family to the city - and according to promises we made -- I was to wait at my Brother’s plantation till he should go to the city at a meeting of the Legislature.
I was to be left with the children at Pilchers Point, as no boat could go into the Bend where my Bro. lived. Early after dinner it was when we landed, it being Sat. evening the hands in charge of the wood yard were off duty, and the overseer, a young white man, was glad to yield his cabin to us, and went to visit a neighbor, miles off. I knew nothing of this, but expecting my Bro. to meet us. I was willing to wait. Mary, however, getting tired said “May I go ((unreadable) Aunt Sally these overseers books) and let Uncle know you are here?” My sister-in-law, Mary Wheat, secured the request saying “I will go with Mary.” Soon the horse was saddled and the two girls, with Aunt Sally to guide them, were on their way through a Cane Brake.
It was so new to Mary Wheat. She had never before been out of a city, but my Mary, was expert on horseback-- thus did they on one horse attempt a ride of 7 or 8 miles, late in the evening-- and did not reach my Brother’s till after night fall. He was preparing to retire with his feet in a warm bath-- having been quite sick for several days before -- But said “I will go to Sister.” “No, indeed you will be ill.” “Oh!” said Mary-- Uncle must go for Ma in these (unreadable).” “No,” said his wife, “the overseer is there.”
Who never same thinking it best for him to leave the entire use of the cabin.(?) It was quite dark, I had no light, but 5 huge logs were near. So did my dear boy Roberdeau, bringing in enough for the night, which I laid on plentifully. I found plenty of milk & butter. Sally had put some sweet potatoes in the ashes for our supper, which was a great treat for us. And when I spread the tables we were all too afraid to eat. So I said, “Let us, my children, ask God to take care of us, now that Papa is so far away.” With infinite comfort I had since from prayer -- when seeing my scared Leon was still kneeling-- and weeping with fear. His young sister, may, about 4 years old, went to him saying “Buddie, don’t cry, ain’t the Lord taking care of us?” So did I take courage also -- and bade the children to come and eat, for God was near us taking better care of us than Papa could at that moment.
Then there was a knock at the door -- I knew it was not my brother, so who had come -- So I asked “Who is there?” A man’s voice asked for a nights lodging. I said to go to Mr. Patten’s, who was coming soon again. The knock was repeated -- I knew it was best to open for only a (unreadable) fast even ever the door. A man asked me and presented me with a string of thimbles saying “Do you want to buy a thimble?” I said “No.” “Will you give me a nights lodging?” he asked. “I knew it was best to let him in -- So I told him, Mr. Patten & the overseer would do for him, what I could not, and seeing him looking at the table I had spread I asked him if he would eat supper, and he was ravenously hungry, ate all that was there, taking the pan of milk to his mouth for he said, “I have not eaten all day long.” So he said.
My frightened Leon (unreadable) had gone to sleep on my knee, and Joe & Mary was asleep in my arms -- the two older children were too frightened to sleep -- So kept watch with me, while the strange man ate -- and then laid before the fire and slept till a boat stopped to get wood, then he left much to my relief. My Brother came at dawn, saw at once my situation, and we wept in each others arms. All was now well, we were soon on our way to safety-- and to plenty-- this incident had taken more time and space than I thought.
We spent a month or more, with my Bro. before joining my Husband -- who was prepared for us in a house on (unreadable) -- and it was there that “Judge Morgan” renewed his offer to Mary, my dear Mary. She had known him, the writer, previous and he was well worthy of her -- being a pious man -- and his Parents were delighted with his choice. In March of 1835 they were married. It was the year of the crash in business, where all whom any husband was engaged with in building a Church -- for it was St. Paul’s Church, which had been organized by organized by Dr. Wheat.

3.
Charts & Family Trees
Thomas Patten, the old man, owned a plantation called Monroe, according to this Roberdeau Family history book Selina Wheat (the journal writer and daughter of T. Patten) said he moved to “Ft. Miro, now called Monroe”.
Roberdeau lineage connected to Lake Providence, La.
Roberdeau - Patten - Wheat - Seay - Pilcher - Williams - Brinton - Miller -
Dunn - McCraw - Cochran - Grebbeau - Annan

Daniel Roberdeau married Mary “Polly” Bostwick in 1761.
Their daughter, Mary Roberdeau was born May 6 1744.
Mary married Thomas Patten on Nov. 14, 1793.
Mary died Oct. 31, 1808, VA.
'a miniature of Mrs. Patten (Mary “Polly” Bostwick) on ivory, taken about the time of her marriage, and said to be an excellent likeness, is a most beautiful picture' [believed that in possession of the late Archibald Craige of Charlottesville, VA in 1972]Thomas Patten was a merchant in Baltimore, MD, and also a merchant in Alexandria, Virginia. He was engaged in the flour and produce trade in partnership with Col. Joseph May, who conducted the business in Boston. The firm of Patten, May & Co. failed about 1798, owing, it is said, to speculations in Georgia lands. His failure was also partly caused by loss of his ships at sea; relocated to Louisiana, taking his eldest son, Joseph May Patten (born 1799), following the death of his wife and the failure of his mercantile business. He established the plantation of 'Monroe' on the Ouachita River [ later the site of the town of Monroe, Louisiana. ]
He was accused of the murder of Andrew Youngs Morehouse, 1815 due to hiscontinual harassment - found innocent due to self-defense.
Thomas Patten died 1820 at Monroe Plantation.
date on tombstone, February 20, 1820 [burial date] - City of Monroe Cemetery [tombstone inscribed, 'Native of Watertown, Mass.'
There he died at Monroe, La., Feb. 6, 1820, and was buried on the banks of the Washita. On her mother's death the care of the children fell on Mary Ann, and after her marriage her husband became their guardian and adopted them.
See: “Roberdeau Genealogy" , pp. 125-127

Thomas Patten and Mary Roberdeau Patten’s children:
(1) Mary Ann Patten (1795-1822) (married Wolfe)
(2) Isaac Roberdeau Patten(1796-1814)
(3) Susan Shippen Patten (1797-<1801)
(4)*Joseph May Patten (1799-1841)
(5) Elizabeth Catherine Patten (1801-1802)
(6)*Harriet Rozier Patten (1803-1853) (married Miller)
(7)*Selina Blair Patten (1805-1896) (married Wheat)
(8)*Thomas Roberdeau (1807-1850)

See: "Roberdeau Genealogy" , pp. 142

Note:*Joseph, Harriet, & Selina, all stayed in Lake Providence, La.
Thomas Roberdeau Patten, moved to LA, sometime before 1837.

(4)Joseph May Patten (born May 26, 1799), son of Thomas & Mary Roberdeau.
His father’s failure of his mercantile business, along with the loss of his ships at sea, and also with his mother‘s death Joseph May and his father, Thomas Patten, relocated to Louisiana. Joseph May Patten settled down and became a planter. He married Ann M. Morehouse of Washita Parish (Ouachita), Louisiana., on Nov. 9, 1826. Ann M. Morehouse was born Sept. 9, 1807)
Joseph May Patten died 1841 at Sherwood Plantation.He died of consumption at his home called Sherwood Plantation on June 23, 1841 with his widow, Ann M. Morehouse Patten, dying Aug. 6, 1872. Buried beside Joseph May in the little burial ground on their plantation.
Joseph May Patten and Ann M. Morehouse Patten’s children:
(All born at Sherwood Plantation)
(1)*Selina Ann Patten (b. July 12, 1829) (She married in 1851, at N.O., La., Isaac Newton Kent, formerly and editor, but now a planter in La., She died Nov. 30, 1853, leaving an only child )

(2)Eliza Cornelia Patten (b. Feb. 17, 1832; d. Sept. 20, 1837)
(3)Joseph May Patten (b. Nov. 13, 1834; d. Nov. 9, 1837)

(4)*Narcissa Matilda Patten (b. Jan. 5, 1837) married John Branch Williams on February 1856, at Sherwood Plantation, near L. P., La.. He was a planter at Sherwood where he died on July 29, 1873. Mrs. Narcissa Matilda Williams still lives at the homestead where her children were born.
(a) Rebecca Branch Williams, b. Feb. 16, 1858.
(b) Joseph Patten Williams, b. May 21, 1859
(c) John Branch Williams, b. May 21, 1861
(d) Annie May Williams, b. Dec. 23, 1863
(e) Robert White Williams, b. Oct. 1, 1865, in Texas
(f) Charles English Williams, b. Sept. 24, 1868; d. Aug. _?_, 1873.
(g) Narcissa Patten Williams, b. Jan. 16, 1872.

(5 )Josephine May Patten (b. Mar. 7, 1841; d. Sept. 30, 1842)

(6)Harriet Rozier Patten (born Nov. 12, 1803) , daughter of Thomas & Mary Roberdeau.
Harriet Rozier Patten married, on Jan. 29, 1819 in MD, to John W. Miller, living in Winchester, VA, where all their children were born. They moved to Lake Providence, La. in 1840., where they lived until their death in 1853.
Mr. John W. Miller & Harriet Rozier Patten Miller, and daughter, Selina Matilda Miller, died of yellow fever in 1853 on their plantation.
Harriet Rozier Patten and John W. Miller’s oldest child, Mary Catherine Miller, takes children to Mississippi.
Harriet Rozier Patten & John W. Miller’s oldest daughter, Mary Catherine Miller, married Dr. Thomas Dunn, lived in L. P., La., took her six small children and her brother and sister, Fannie Morgan Miller and Albert Patten Miller (the eldest being under 10 years old) to Greenville, Washington County, Mississippi, after the yellow fever in 1853 killed her mother, father, and sister. Her husband (Dr. Thomas Dunn), died soon after, in Oct., at Greenville, MS., and Mary Catherine Miller died soon after him, of a broken heart. (She lost her mother, father, sister, and husband because of yellow fever)
John W. & Harriet Rozier Patten Miller’s children all stayed and lived around Greenville, MS.

(7)Selina Blair Patten, born Sept. 12, 1805, daughter of Thomas & Mary Roberdeau.
Born in Alexandria, Virginia. Married March 10, 1825 to Reverend John Thomas Wheat, of Washington City. He was a chaplain in the Confederate army in 1862. Selina and her husband celebrated their Golden Wedding anniversary in 1875, on which Mr. Wheat published a poem, dedicated to his wife, entitled “Reminiscenses of My Pre-Nuptial Life”, containing many interesting incidents.
Selina Blair Patten & John Thomas Wheat’s children:
(a) Chatahm Roberdeau Wheat (b. April 9, 1826)
(b) Selina Patten Wheat (born June 12, 1827)(see Selina Patten Wheat below)
(c) Infant Wheat (died at birth)
(d) John Thomas Wheat (b. Dec. 3, 1830)
(e) Josehine May Wheat (b. Feb. 22, 1833) ( Mrs. Shober)
(f) Infant Wheat (died at birth)
(g) Reginald Heber Wheat (b. LA., Jan 25, 1837; d. June 7, 1839)
(h) Leonidas Polk Wheat (b. May 5, 1841)

(b) Selina Patten Wheat born June 12, 1827, in Maryland; married Dec. 21., 1847, to Dr. John Seay, of L. P., La, where she died Nov. 8, 1972. Her children, all born at L. P., La.:
*John Thomas Seay b. Sept. 27, 1848
*Samuel Seay b. Sept. 29, 1850: de. Dec. 20, 1859
*Selina Wheat Seay b. Mar. 19, 1852; married Charles Morehouse Pilcher, a lawyer of Carroll Parish, on April 5, 1874. His mother was a sister of Mrs. Joseph M. Patten. Charles & Selina Pilcher had a daughter named Selina Wheat Pilcher, b. July 27, 1875.
*Mary DeNeale Seay, b. Jan. 26, 1854, married C. H. Brinton, on Oct. 11, 1874 at L. P., Louisiana.
*George Wharton Seay, b. Sept. 7, 1855, married in July 1873, to Mary Grebbeau, both being very young. George & Mary Grebbeau Seay had a daughter, Selina Wheat Seay.
*Roberdeau Wheat Seay, b. June 24, 1857
*Jane Wharton Seay, b. Apr. 13, 1859; d. Sept. 17, 1861.
*May Wheat Seay, b. Sept. 23, 1861
*Leo Wheat Seay, b. Apr. 13, 1864; d. Apr. 25, 1864.
*Leonore Wheat Seay, b. July 31, 1867.

(8)*Thomas Roberdeau Patten (born Jan. 7, 1807) , son of Thomas & Mary Roberdeau.
Thomas had left Alexandria at an early age and went to sea. 3 or 4 years after, he met his elder brother on the Red River in Louisiana, and then moved to LA. In 1837 married Mrs. Matilda M. Childers. She had a daughter, Narcissa, when they married, who died at about 16 years old, shortly before her father.
Thomas Roberdeau Patten died at his plantation.
Thomas died of consumption on Oct. 27, 1850. Matilda died in 1862.
Thomas Roberdeau Patten and Matilda M. Childers’ (nee McCraw) had no children.

Other family members that lived at Lake Providence:

Sarah Ann Roberta (Annan) McCraw-
Born March 16, 1806, for a time lived with her relative, Mr. Thomas R. Patten, in that state, at whose house she was married, March 6, 1843, to Samuel Dalton McCraw, (a nephew of Mrs. Matilda M. Patten). Samuel McCraw was born in Surrey County, La. On Dec. 10, 1810. He was a planter. Died March 6, 1849. Mrs. McCraw formerly resided in Monticello, at Lake Providence, and now in Midway, Richland Parish, La.
Samuel & Sarah Ann (Annan) McCraw had one child:
Sallie Jean McCraw born Feb. 27, 1845 in Carroll Parish, married at Monticello, Carroll Parish, Louisiana on Feb. 27, 1866, on her birthday, to Thomas M. Cochran. Colonel & Mrs. Cochran had lived in Midway, Richland Parish, but now in Delhi, Louisiana.
Thomas M. & Sallie Jean McCraw Cochran’s children:
(1) Thomas Stuart Cochran b. Jan 14, 1868; d. Aug. 2, 1873
(2) Mary Emma Cochran b. Aug. 8, 1874